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Remember that in an e-cigarette, a nicotine solution is heated to 80C (compared to temperatures around 900C in a cigarette), and therefore the vapour generated does not contain carbon monoxide, nor the thousands of toxic combustion products found in cigarette smoke

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So its not as effective, but it may be more usable long term. As for most other health problems, few good studies have been done

The risk of developing smoking-related diseases, including COPD and lung cancer, decreases substantially

Nearly every country in the world does so, though rates vary widely