JAMA Netw Open 2023;6:e233398
Across dozens of studies, daily astaxanthin doses between 4mg and 12mg have been linked to improvements in skin hydration, elasticity, and UV resilience, as well as benefits for eye comfort, exercise recovery, and cognitive performance.1 2 3 5 6 Lower doses (46mg per day) often support skin and eye outcomes, but research suggests 12mg daily may unlock even broader effects.1 7 13 At 12mg, trials show improved endurance performance including faster cycling time trials and reduced muscle-soreness markers.3 8 Other studies point to enhanced cognitive function and sleep quality, benefits that tend to appear near the upper end of the dosing range.4 9 Taken together, these findings helped establish 12mg per day as the most compelling astaxanthin dose in the scientific literature
Participants Thirty-three adults aged 20 to 60 (mean age 38.45) were enrolled, all presenting with self-assessed uneven skin tone and pigmentation
It found that healthy men who took the supplement did not have an increased risk of experiencing a heart attack, stroke, or death
Following to experimental groups formation and prior to Dox-administration regimen, all the rats were echocardiographically studied in order to obtain baseline physiologic parameters
